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PIRA #

Demonstration Name

Subsets

Abstract

6C10.10

single slit and laser

pira200

Shine a laser beam through single slits of various sizes.

6C10.10

single slit and laser

A laser beam is passed through slits of various widths are shown on the wall.

6C10.10

single slit and laser

Direct laser beam through single slits of various sizes.

6C10.10

single slit diffraction

Diffraction pattern from a laser passing through an adjustable slit spreads as the slit is closed

6C10.12

Cornell plate - single slit

6C10.12

Cornel plate - single slit

6C10.12

single slit diffraction (Cornell)

Laser and Cornell slide - measurements from on screen can be used in calculations.

6C10.15

adjustable slit and laser

Shine a laser beam through an adjustable slit.

6C10.15

adjustable slit and laser

6C10.15

laser and adjustable slit

Project a laser beam through an adjustable slit.

6C10.15

diffraction limited resolution

A beam of light is projected through an adjustable slit into a telescope attached to a TV camera. The central slit widens as the slit is closed.

6C10.20

two finger slit

6C10.20

two finger slit

Have each student look at a vertical filament lamp through the slit formed by holding two fingers together.

6C10.21

adjustable single slit

Look through a vernier caliper toward a monochromatic light 5 to 10 m away.

6C10.25

single slit diffraction - hand held

Look at a filament through a dark plate with a line scratched in it.

6C10.26

single and double slits

Single and double lines are ruled on a photographic plate. Students look at a line filament covered with half red and half blue filters. A ruling tool is described.

6C10.27

Cornell plate

Pass out Cornell plates to the students and have them look at a line filament.

6C10.27

Cornell plate

Pass out the Cornell plate.

6C10.30

slit on photodiode array

6C10.30

slit array

A slit array of randomly spaced single or double slits follows the imaging lens projecting a slit on the wall.

6C10.30

single and double slit projected

Focus a slit on the wall and place photographic plates with slits near the lens. For the single slit, parallel lines are unevenly spaced. For the parallel slit, pairs of lines of equal spacing are randomly spaced.

6C10.33

white light diffraction

A slit is projected on the wall and a second slit is placed at the focal point of the lens.

6C10.43

rotating mirror detector

A rotating mirror sweeps the interference pattern across a photodiode and the output is displayed on an oscilloscope.

6C10.43

electric razor detector sweep

A mirror mounted on an electric razor is used to sweep a diffraction pattern across a sensitive photodiode, and the resulting pattern is displayed on an oscilloscope.

6C10.43

motorized slit sweep

A slit is motorized and a microscope objective projects the observation plane onto a photodiode detector. The scope sweep is synchronized with the motor speed.

6C10.43

rotating mirror detector

A rotating mirror sweeps a diffraction pattern across a photodiode and the pattern is shown on an oscilloscope.

6C10.44

single slit and relative phase

A double slit is used to sample the light from a single slit to give information about the relative phases.

6C10.47

tv tube detector

Look at the composite output from a TV camera on an oscilloscope at the same time the pattern is displayed on the screen.

6C10.50

microwave diffraction

6C10.50

microwave diffraction

3 cm microwave and a single slit.

6C10.50

microwave single slit diffraction

Single slit diffraction with microwave apparatus.

6C10.50

microwave diffraction

An adjustable slit on the Brett Carrol microwave board (receiver and transmitter are mounted on a large vertical circle with a built in LED bar graph signal strength indicator.

6C10.61

diffraction limited resolution

Demonstrating the resolving power of a microscope is tricky.

6C10.62

diffraction limited resolution

A "picket fence lantern slide with an adjustable slit on the screen side of the projection lens.

6C10.64

microscope resolving power

Modify ordinary objectives by inserting diaphragms at the back focal plane. Use a binocular microscope with a normal ocular on one side.

PIRA #

Demonstration Name

Subsets

Abstract

6C20.10

Arago's (Poisson's) spot

Shine a laser beam at a small ball and look at the diffraction pattern.

6C20.10

laser and diffraction objects

A laser beam is diffracted around balls.

6C20.10

Arago white spot

A corridor demonstration of using a flashlight bulb, a ball bearing and a small telescope.

6C20.10

diffraction about a circular object

A coin is placed between a pinhole and a screen. A small hole is punched in the screen in the shadow of the coin. While looking at the coin through the hole, a ring of light will be seen.

6C20.10

Arago's spot

Arago's spot with a small lamp, telescope, and ball bearing over a 90' distance.

6C20.10

Poisson's bright spot

A point source is used to illuminate a small ball.

6C20.12

photographing diffraction

Simple setup of a camera with the lens removed, an object and a flashlight bulb.

6C20.13

large scale diffraction

Use a penny and a long light path.

6C20.13

diffraction around a coin

Project the shadow from a point source onto a translucent screen.

6C20.15

knife edge diffraction

6C20.15

diffraction around objects

Diffraction of laser light around a razor edge, wires, small balls, etc. is viewed on a screen.

6C20.15

knife edge diffraction

Slowly move a knife edge into a laser beam.

6C20.16

laser diffraction objects

A list of recommended diffraction objects for use with laser beams. Pictures.

6C20.17

diffraction around large objects

Expand a laser beam to 1-3" and look at the diffraction pattern of large objects. A folded optical path brings the viewing screen close to the object.

6C20.18

Fresnel diffraction

Objects placed between a pinhole and a screen show striking diffraction patterns.

6C20.20

thin wire diffraction

6C20.20

diffraciton pattern of a hair

Put a hair in a laser beam.

6C20.20

fake double slit

Put a straight pin in the laser beam.

6C20.20

diameter of a hair by diffraction

Use Babinet's principle to measure the diameter of a hair by the fringes.

6C20.20

thin wire diffraction

Place a .22 mm dia wire in a laser beam and measure the diameter by the diffraction pattern. Measurements can be taken from the video.

6C20.22

shadow of a needle

A point source is placed behind a pair of needles.

6C20.30

pinhole diffraction

6C20.30

Airy diffraction rings

As a laser beam is stopped down to a region of constant intensity, the Airy diffraction rings will appear.

6C20.30

pin hole diffraction

A laser passes through a pinhole in aluminum foil. Data can be taken from the video.

6C20.33

triangular aperature

The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of a triangular aperture is predicted by an argument very similar to that used for a single slit.

6C20.40

zone plate lens

Use a photographic zone plate lens with an expanded laser beam.

6C20.42

zone plates on a laser printer

A program to produce zone plates on a laser printer with discussion of limitations and applications.

6C20.45

microwave Fresnel zones

A aluminum sheet with concentric rings that can be removed and replaced in various configurations is sized to work with a microwave transmitter.

6C20.45

microwave Fresnel diffraction

Circular apertures are cut in aluminum sheets to simulate zone plates.

6C20.45

microwave Fresnel zones

A 12 cm microwave Fresnel zone demonstration.

6C20.46

microwave zone plates

The design of three varieties of microwave zone plates for 12 cm waves and lecture room use.

6C20.51

pass the razor blade

Students hold a razor blade close to the eye so as to cut off part of an arc lamp.

6C20.52

diffraction peep show

A 5 m long box holds a permanent diffraction setup.

6C20.58

parallel beam array

An array of 25 small holes is projected to give parallel light beams which are used with slits and apertures to give patterns on the wall.

6C20.62

diffraction by a feather

An image of a slit is blocked by a vertical rod. When a feather is placed between the lens and slit, light is scattered by diffraction onto the screen.

6C20.91

viewing diffraction on TV

If the laser beam is expanded, diffraction patterns can be projected directly onto the bare videcon tube.