David Notebook: Difference between revisions

I put an arrow on the backpolished E03 mirror pointing towards the side that was facing upwards in the packaging. I think this is the "back" side that is less well polished. The mirror didn't seem to help the signal strength though, and in fact made it worse. I flipped the mirror around too in case I got it in backwards, but I didn't notice any change. The problem now is probably that it is poorly impedance matched because the reflectivities are so different, which apparently is a thing. I updated that python program to account for this--we're probably only getting a few percent of the full height of the reflected signal for resonance dips just because of the impedance, so that's probably the issue now. I'm seeing if Thorlab can make us a custom curved mirror (2 E03s would give a finesse of ~500800) and I'm talking to Layertec about making a pair in the 2000-3000 range. We want the highest finesse we can get away with that will still be easy to lock and stay locked, but we're not sure what value that will end up being.

Zach and I both kept having trouble getting much transmitted signal and any reflected signals. We thought maybe we weren't mode matched well, but we'd both tried a few times and that didn't seem to be it. It was also possible that the laser linewidth was much bigger than the cavity linewidth. I made a python thing [https://wiki.physics.wisc.edu/yavuz/images/0/05/Cavity_coupling_efficiency.zip here] that calculates the power of an incident beam that is coupled into a cavity based on the spatial and frequency profiles. The cavity mirrors listed a selectivity of about 99.98%, which would give a finesse of around 816,000. The cavity linewidth is just the FSR/finesse, so it would be ~19095 KHz, so with our ~500 KHz linewidth laser, and even very rough spatial coupling, we should still have been getting plenty ofsome power. We thought maybe the radius of curvature of one of the mirrors was wrong, but we took out the cavity mirror and found that it focused a collimated beam at ~25 cm, which would give the correct R of 50cm. In retrospect this probably wouldn't have mattered as much as we thought--the spatial coupling curve is quite forgiving.

Eventually we thought maybe the finesse was higher than we thought, and I measured the reflectivity of the plane mirror and found it to be about 99.998%. It's safe to say we'll never be buying German made optics again! Assuming a similar reflectivity for the curved mirror, this would give a finesse of 80160,000. The linewidth would be very narrow then, and we'd only get about 32% power even ignoring spatial coupling. This is likely the issue. We ordered a back polished E03 mirror from Thorlabs which we'll swap in. That has a reflectivity closer to 99.6%, which would bring our finesse down to a more manageable 800 (too low?)1600.