Properties of Matter
PIRA classification 1R
62 Demonstrations listed of which 26 are grayed out
Grayed out demonstrations are not available or within our archive and are under consideration to be added. |
1R10. Hooke's Law
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Subsets |
Abstract |
1R10.10 |
Hooke's_law (The Big Spring) |
pira200 |
Add weights to a large vertical spring one kg at a time. Examining the force-displacement which is marked in Newtons. |
1R10.25 |
Pull on a Horizontal Spring |
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Pull on a horizontal spring with a spring scale. |
1R10.30 |
Springs in Series and Parallel |
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Pull on a spring, springs in series, and springs in parallel with a spring scale. Compare the force required to stretch each case. |
1R20. Tensile and Compressive Stress
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Subsets |
Abstract |
1R20.10 |
Breaking Wire |
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Add weights to wire that is attached to the ceiling until the wire breaks. Insert a large spring scale if one wishes. |
1R20.11 |
Elastic Limits |
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Stretch springs of copper and brass. The copper spring remains extended. |
1R20.15 |
Young's Modulus |
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Hang weights from a wire that runs the length of the benches. Add 1/2 kg masses to the copper wire and show that the Stretched deflection goes back when the mass is removed. Use either laser and mirror optical lever to display the deflection or a arrow on the pulley. Add a lot of mass to show the Elastic Limit. |
1R20.18 |
Poisson's Ratio |
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A rubber hose is stretched to show lateral contraction with increasing length. |
1R20.20 |
Bending or Sagging Board |
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Ten lbs. is hung from the center of a meter stick supported at the ends. Orient the meter stick on edge and then on the flat. Place the ends of a thin board on blocks, then add mass to the center. |
1R20.20 |
Beams Under Stress |
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A rectangular cross section bar is loaded in the middle while resting on narrow and broad faces. Hang weights at the ends of extended beams. Use beams of different lengths and cross sections. Hang weights at the ends of extended beams. Use beams of different lengths and cross sections. |
1R20.27 |
Aluminum/Steel Elasticity Paradox |
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Copper and brass rods sag different amounts under their own weight but steel and aluminum do not. |
1R20.31 |
Stretch a Hole |
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Holes arranged circle in a rubber sheet deform into an ellipse when stretched. |
1R20.32 |
Deformation Under Stress |
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A pattern is painted on a sheet of rubber and deformed by pulling on opposite sides. |
1R20.38 |
Stress on a Brass Ring |
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A strain gauge bridge is used to measure the forces required to deform a brass ring. Diagram. Construction details. |
1R20.60 |
Bologna Bottle |
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Pound a nail with a Bologna bottle, then add a carborundum crystal to shatter the bottle. |
1R20.70 |
Prince Rupert's Drops |
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Drops of glass cooled quickly can be hit with a hammer but shatter when the tip is broken off. |
1R30. Transfer of Angular Momentum
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Subsets |
Abstract |
1R30.10 |
Shear Pages of a Book |
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Use a very thick book to demonstrate shear. |
1R30.11 |
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Use a tall stack of cards placed sequentially off-center to create a ledge. |
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1R30.20 |
Materiel Shearing |
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Push on the top of a large foam block or use a large sponge or use a rectangular block of rubber to show shear of different materials. |
1R30.30 |
Spring Cube |
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A 3x3x3 cube of 27 cork balls is held together with springs. |
1R30.31 |
Plywood Sheets |
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A stack of plywood sheets with springs at the corners is used to show shear, torsion, bending, etc. |
1R30.35 |
Shear and Stress Modulus |
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Unsophisticated apparatus for measuring elastic constants of a thin flexible strip and rod. |
1R30.40 |
Torsion Rod |
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Rods of various materials and diameters are twisted in a torsion lathe. |
1R30.41 |
Bending and Twisting |
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Wind a copper strip around a rod and then remove the rod and pull the strip straight to show twisting. |
1R30.45 |
Shear and Twist in Screw Dislocation |
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Rule a thick walled vacuum tube with a grid, slit lengthwise, and dislocate one unit. |
1R30.xx |
Train on a Bicycle Wheel |
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An "O"- Scale train is placed on a horizontal bicycle wheel that is free to rotate. When the train is running, one can let the train go around the track or have it stand still will the track is rotating underneath. |
1R30.xx |
Wheel and Axle I |
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A large mid-evil looking wheel on an axle. A large lead ball on a rope is wound up on the axle and the wheel free to rotate. |
1R40. Coefficient of Restitution
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Subsets |
Abstract |
1R40.10 |
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Drop balls of different material on to a tool steel plate. Loss of mechanical energy in the coefficient of restitution. Drop balls on a glass plate. Balls of various materials are bounced off plates of various materials. |
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1R40.12 |
Coefficient of Restitution |
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Rubber balls of differing elasticity and silly putty are dropped in a clear tube near a meter stick onto a steel surface. |
1R40.13 |
Coefficient of Restitution in Baseballs |
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Analysis leading to a prediction of up to 15 foot difference in long fly balls due to variation in coefficient of restitution. |
1R40.30 |
pira200 |
A bouncy ball and a non-bouncy ball are dropped from the same height with very different outcomes demonstrating the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions. |
1R50. Crystal Structure
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Subsets |
Abstract |
1R50.10 |
Solid Shapes |
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How to make solid tetrahedrons and octahedrons. How to make Solids |
1R50.15 |
Solid Models |
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Styrofoam balls and steel ball bearings are used to make crystal models. |
1R50.16a |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Body Centered Cubic (BCC) |
1R50.16b |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
1R50.16c |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) |
1R50.16d |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Miller Indices |
1R50.16e |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Sphalerite Model |
1R50.16f |
Lattice Models |
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Show model of Wurtzite Model |
1R50.18 |
Elastic Crystal Models |
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Crystal models are built with a combination of compression and tension springs. |
1R50.20a |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Calcite |
1R50.20b |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Calcite 2 |
1R50.20c |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Carbon Dioxide |
1R50.20d |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Cesium Chloride |
1R50.20e |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Copper |
1R50.20f |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Diamond {MISSING} |
1R50.20g |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Fluorite |
1R50.20h |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Germanium |
1R50.20i |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of "N" Germanium |
1R50.20j |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of "P" Germanium |
1R50.20k |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Graphite I |
1R50.20l |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Graphite II |
1R50.20m |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Magnesium |
1R50.20n |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Silicone |
1R50.20o |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of Sodium Chloride |
1R50.20p |
Crystal Lattice Models |
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Show model of YiBCO |
1R50.22 |
Tennis Ball Crystals |
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Old tennis balls stacked together to give two close packed crystals. |
1R50.30 |
Crystal Structure |
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Show natural crystals of salt, quartz, and other minerals, and lantern slides of snow crystals. |
1R50.31 |
Crystal Growth in a Film |
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Crystal growth on a freezing soap film is observed through crossed Polaroids |
1R50.31 |
Ice Nuclei |
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Large ice crystals form on the surface of a supercooled saturated sugar solution. |
1R50.32 |
Make Tin Crystal |
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Pour pure tin into a Pyrex mold, other steps. |
1R50.40 |
Stacking Fault Model |
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A closest packing spheres model that demonstrates a fault going from fcc to hcp. |
1R50.40 |
Crystal Faults |
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One layer of small ball bearings between two Lucite sides. |
1R50.45 |
Crushing Salt |
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A large salt crystal is crushed in a "c" clamp. |