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| ||8A10.05||Origin of the Solar System||Discussion on how the Solar System was formed.|| ||8A10.06||Planetary nebula||On the formation of planetary nebula.|| ||8A10.10a||Orrery model||A motor driven model of the Sun, Moon, Earth system.|| |
||8A10.05||Origin of the Solar System||Discussion on how the Solar System was formed. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 5(8), 363]|| ||8A10.06||Planetary nebula||On the formation of planetary nebula. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 29(5), 268]|| ||8A10.10a||Orrery model||A motor-driven model of the Sun, Moon, Earth system.|| |
| Line 52: | Line 51: |
| ||8A10.15||Scale of the Solar System - Video|| || ||8A10.15||Inflatable Solar System|| || ||8A10.15||Solar System on a String|| || ||8A10.15||Scale model of the Solar System||The scale model of the Solar System as a hallway demo.|| ||8A10.15||Scale model of the Solar System||The 1:10 billion Colorado Scale-Model Solar System on the University of Colorado-Boulder campus.|| ||8A10.15||Scale model of the Solar System||Globes and balloons used to model the planets of the Solar System.|| ||8A10.16||Scale of the orbital radii of the planets||A hat pin, roll of tape, and some markers used to scale the orbital radii of the planets.|| ||8A10.20||Locating stars||A simple analytical method at the descriptive astronomy level for locating stars.|| ||8A10.20||Locating stars||Using the stars of the Big Dipper to teach vectors. || ||8A10.22||Tracking stars, Sun, and Moon||Construction of an electromechanical device that automatically and continually tracks celestial objects.|| ||8A10.25||Diurnal motion||Punch holes in a can bottom in the big dipper pattern and place over a point source of light. Rotate the can.|| ||8A10.30||Planispheric planetarium||Description of a homemade planetarium.|| ||8A10.30||Small planetarium||Description of a small homemade planetarium dome.|| ||8A10.33||Day & night|| || ||8A10.35||Local zenith || || ||8A10.40||Sidereal time||An explanation of how a sidereal day differs from a solar day and how to calculate the difference.|| ||8A10.42||Sidereal day||A simple method to measure the length of the sidereal day.|| ||8A10.44||Sidereal year||Use orbital mechanics and centripetal force to calculate the sidereal year.|| ||8A10.50||Precession of the equinox graph||A graph that shows the precession of the equinox from 1890 to 2000 and a discussion of its pedagogical value.|| ||8A10.60||Apparent motion of the sun||The autumn and spring equinoxes do not have equal length days and nights. Index of refraction through the atmosphere makes the day about 9 minutes longer than the night.|| ||8A10.70||Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere||On the flatness of the setting sun|| ||8A10.70||Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere||A demonstration using sugar water to show why the Sun appears elliptical instead of round when viewed through the atmosphere.|| ||8A10.70||Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere||The appearance of the flattening of the solar disk and the appearance of the "anti-Sun" captured on film.|| ||8A10.70||Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere||The apparent ellipticity of the setting Sun.|| ||8A10.75||Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere||A complete explanation of distortions produced by the atmosphere.|| ||8A10.80||Geochron||The standard Geochron is used to show analemma, the part of the Earth lit by the Sun at any given time, etc.|| ||8A10.80||Subsolar point||An experiment plotting the subsolar point (the place on Earth where the Sun is directly overhead at solar noon).|| ||8A10.80||Analemma||Additional comments on TPT 34(1), 58|| ||8A10.80||Analemma||A good explanation of how the analemma couples the seasonal declination changes of the Sun with the "Equation of Time".|| ||8A10.80||Analemma||Analemma used to show why sunrise can be at the same time for several weeks while the length of the day increases.|| ||8A10.80||Analemma||How to plot and demonstrate the noncircularity of the Earth's orbit around the Sun.|| ||8A10.80||Analemma, clocks, apparent motion of the Sun||Explains why the length of the morning and afternoon do not increase in the same proportion as the length of the day gets longer.|| ||8A10.90||Apparent motion of the Sun||Using simple equipment to measure the length of the solar day.|| ||8A10.90||Apparent motion of the Sun||Using the apparent motion of the Sun to teach vectors and scalar products.|| |
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||8A10.10||planispheric planetarium||Description of a homemade planetarium.|| ||8A10.10||small planetarium||Description of a small homemade planetarium dome.|| ||8A10.11||locating stars||A simple analytical method at the descriptive astronomy level for locating stars.|| ||8A10.14||diurnal motion||Punch holes in a can bottom in the big dipper pattern and place over a point source of light. Rotate the can.|| ||8A10.15||day & night|| || ||8A10.16||sundial||A Plexiglas model of a sundial.|| ||8A10.16||horizontal sundial||An analytic solution for determining the markings on a sundial and a description of construction.|| ||8A10.20||local zenith || || ||8A10.21||precession of the equinox graph||A graph that shows the precession of the equinox from 1890 to 2000 and a discussion of its pedagogical value.|| ||8A10.25||phases of the moon|| View a ball illuminated by a distant light with a tv camera as the angle between the ball and light varies. || || 8A10.26 || phases models || Illuminated models for showing the phases of Venus and the Moon. || || 8A10.30 || eclipse models || || || 8A10.31 || Eudoxus: homocentric spheres models || Two homocentric models of Eudoxus: one shows the motion of the sun, the other shows retrograde motion. || || 8A10.32 || earth/moon system || Add abstract in Handbook.FM || || 8A10.40 || pinhead earth || || || 8A10.50 || horizon astronomy model || || || 8A10.51 || Cinhelium || || || 8A10.52 || Ptolemaic and Copernian orbits || An analog computer (circuit given) displays orbits and epicycles on an oscilloscope. || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model || Two balls connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other orbit on common ficus. || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model letter || Pointer to AJP 43,693(1975). || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model || Two balls driven by independent clock motors are connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || An Orrery caries a small flashlight on a rod between Earth and Jupiter to project epicycloidal motion. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || A elliptical Lucite dish has two arms attached to one foci. Place some ball bearings between the two arms and rotate the rear arm at constant angular velocity. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || A diagram of how to make a fairly simple crank device to trace out elliptical through cusped figures with a penlight. || || 8A10.65 || comet orbit || || || 8A10.80 || celestial sphere || A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. || || 8A10.80 || celestial sphere || A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. || || 8A10.90 || cross-staff || Cut a meter stick into 57 1/3 cm and 42 2/3 cm. (At 57 1/3 cm one degree equals one cm.) Some refinements. || || 8A10.91 || heliostat || Picture of a heliostat || ||8A20.64||[:Earth-Moon-Sun Model]||A 10" globe, a painted tennis ball, and a 100 W bulb are used to represent the Earth-Moon-Sun system|| |
|
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||8A20.64||[:Earth-Moon-Sun Model]||A 10" globe, a painted tennis ball, and a 100 W bulb are used to represent the Earth-Moon-Sun system|| |
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| *Old* ||8A10.25||phases of the moon|| View a ball illuminated by a distant light with a TV camera as the angle between the ball and light varies. || || 8A10.26 || phases models || Illuminated models for showing the phases of Venus and the Moon. || || 8A10.30 || eclipse models || || || 8A10.31 || Eudoxus: homocentric spheres models || Two homocentric models of Eudoxus: one shows the motion of the sun, the other shows retrograde motion. || || 8A10.32 || earth/moon system || Add abstract in Handbook.FM || || 8A10.40 || pinhead earth || || || 8A10.50 || horizon astronomy model || || || 8A10.51 || Cinhelium || || || 8A10.52 || Ptolemaic and Copernian orbits || An analog computer (circuit given) displays orbits and epicycles on an oscilloscope. || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model || Two balls connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other orbit on common ficus. || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model letter || Pointer to AJP 43,693(1975). || || 8A10.55 || retrograde motion model || Two balls driven by independent clock motors are connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || An Orrery caries a small flashlight on a rod between Earth and Jupiter to project epicycloidal motion. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || A elliptical Lucite dish has two arms attached to one foci. Place some ball bearings between the two arms and rotate the rear arm at constant angular velocity. || || 8A10.60 || epicycles || A diagram of how to make a fairly simple crank device to trace out elliptical through cusped figures with a penlight. || || 8A10.65 || comet orbit || || || 8A10.80 || celestial sphere || A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. || || 8A10.80 || celestial sphere || A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. || |
Planetary Astronomy
PIRA classification 8A
8A05, Historical Astronomy
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A05.10 |
Calender Wheels |
Native American celestial calendar wheels and how to construct them. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 37(8), 476] |
8A05.15 |
Stonehenge |
Many models of this famous megalith are available. |
8A05.16 |
Megaliths |
Some historical background on megalithic astronomy. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP 45(2), 125] |
8A05.20a |
Constellations |
Constellations used to interpret historical legends. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT, 31(6), 383] |
8A05.20b |
Constellations |
The Big Dipper used to tell time. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT, 29(2), 80] |
8A05.30a |
Eratosthenes measurement of Earth's radius |
Eratosthenes determination of the circumference of the Earth updated by doing the experiment from an aircraft. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 25(8), 500] |
8A05.30b |
Eratosthenes measurement of Earth's radius |
Eratosthenes experiment redone using meter sticks instead of wells. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 26(3), 154] |
8A05.30c |
Measurement of Earth's radius |
The calculation done using feet and miles. Also several other neat problems using Earth's radius as a starting point. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 31(9), 519] |
8A05.30d |
Measurement of Earth's diameter |
A GPS is used to calculate the diameter of the Earth. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 38(6), 360] |
8A05.30e |
Eratosthenes measurement of Earth's radius |
Trying to calculate the radius of the Earth by watching the Sun set twice, once from the bottom and then from the top of a tall building. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 31(7), 440] |
8A05.30f |
Eratosthenes - scale of Earth/Moon/Sun system |
Using Eratosthenes calculation of the diameter of the Earth to calculate the size of the Moon. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 38(3), 179] |
8A05.33 |
Eudoxus: homocentric spheres models |
Two homocentric models of Eudoxus: one shows the motion of the Sun, the other shows retrograde motion. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP, 31(6),456] |
8A05.35 |
Ptolemaic and Copernican orbits |
An analog computer (circuit given) displays orbits and epicycles on an oscilloscope. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP, 30(9),615] |
8A05.40a |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
A photographic solution to Kepler's laws. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP, 69(4), 481] |
8A05.40b |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
An unusual verification of Kepler's first law. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP, 69(10), 1036] |
8A05.40c |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
A graphical representation of Kepler's third law. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 36(4), 212] |
8A05.40d |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
Kepler's third law calculations without a calculator. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 42(9), 530] |
8A05.40e |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
Kepler's third law and the rise time of stars. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 25(8), 493] |
8A05.40f |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
Applying Kepler's third law to elliptical orbits. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 34(1), 42] |
8A05.40g |
Kepler and planetary orbits |
Measuring an asteroids orbit to test Kepler's first and second law. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 36(1), 40] |
8A05.50 |
Sundial |
A Plexiglas model of a sundial. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP 52(2),185] |
8A05.50 |
Sundial |
Detailed descriptions, pictures, and how to time correct a sundial. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 10(3), 117] |
8A05.50 |
Sundial, solar pocket watch |
Picture of a portable sundial (solar pocket watch) dated 1573. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 41(5), 268] |
8A05.50 |
Sundial |
Constructing a portable sundial. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 37(2), 113] |
8A05.50 |
Sundial, solar pocket watch |
Additional observations on [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 41(5), 268]. |
8A05.55 |
Horizontal sundial |
An analytic solution for determining the markings on a sundial and a description of construction. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP 42(5),372] |
8A05.60 |
Cross-staff |
Cut a meter stick into 57 1/3 cm and 42 2/3 cm. (At 57 1/3 cm one degree equals one cm.) Some refinements. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP 33(2),165] |
8A05.70 |
Sextant |
Pictures of and directions for sextants. |
8A05.70 |
Sextant |
An easily constructed mini-sextant and directions for it's use. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 38(4), 238] |
8A05.80 |
Artificial Horizon |
A mercury filled dish that is used for an artificial horizon when taking measurements with a sextant during times when the real horizon is obscured. |
8A05.85 |
Chronometer |
An accurate ships time piece used in conjunction with the sextant to determine longitude and latitude. |
8A05.90 |
Heliostat |
Picture of a heliostat. See [http://scitation.aip.org/ajp/ AJP 38(3),391] |
8A10, Solar System Mechanics
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A10.05 |
Origin of the Solar System |
Discussion on how the Solar System was formed. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 5(8), 363] |
||8A10.06||Planetary nebula||On the formation of planetary nebula. See [http://scitation.aip.org/tpt/ TPT 29(5), 268]||
8A10.10a |
Orrery model |
A motor-driven model of the Sun, Moon, Earth system. |
8A10.10b |
Orrery model |
A mechanical model of the inner planets. |
8A10.15 |
Scale of the Solar System - Video |
|
8A10.15 |
Inflatable Solar System |
|
8A10.15 |
Solar System on a String |
|
8A10.15 |
Scale model of the Solar System |
The scale model of the Solar System as a hallway demo. |
8A10.15 |
Scale model of the Solar System |
The 1:10 billion Colorado Scale-Model Solar System on the University of Colorado-Boulder campus. |
8A10.15 |
Scale model of the Solar System |
Globes and balloons used to model the planets of the Solar System. |
8A10.16 |
Scale of the orbital radii of the planets |
A hat pin, roll of tape, and some markers used to scale the orbital radii of the planets. |
8A10.20 |
Locating stars |
A simple analytical method at the descriptive astronomy level for locating stars. |
8A10.20 |
Locating stars |
Using the stars of the Big Dipper to teach vectors. |
8A10.22 |
Tracking stars, Sun, and Moon |
Construction of an electromechanical device that automatically and continually tracks celestial objects. |
8A10.25 |
Diurnal motion |
Punch holes in a can bottom in the big dipper pattern and place over a point source of light. Rotate the can. |
8A10.30 |
Planispheric planetarium |
Description of a homemade planetarium. |
8A10.30 |
Small planetarium |
Description of a small homemade planetarium dome. |
8A10.33 |
Day & night |
|
8A10.35 |
Local zenith |
|
8A10.40 |
Sidereal time |
An explanation of how a sidereal day differs from a solar day and how to calculate the difference. |
8A10.42 |
Sidereal day |
A simple method to measure the length of the sidereal day. |
8A10.44 |
Sidereal year |
Use orbital mechanics and centripetal force to calculate the sidereal year. |
8A10.50 |
Precession of the equinox graph |
A graph that shows the precession of the equinox from 1890 to 2000 and a discussion of its pedagogical value. |
8A10.60 |
Apparent motion of the sun |
The autumn and spring equinoxes do not have equal length days and nights. Index of refraction through the atmosphere makes the day about 9 minutes longer than the night. |
8A10.70 |
Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere |
On the flatness of the setting sun |
8A10.70 |
Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere |
A demonstration using sugar water to show why the Sun appears elliptical instead of round when viewed through the atmosphere. |
8A10.70 |
Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere |
The appearance of the flattening of the solar disk and the appearance of the "anti-Sun" captured on film. |
8A10.70 |
Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere |
The apparent ellipticity of the setting Sun. |
8A10.75 |
Distortion due to refraction by Earth atmosphere |
A complete explanation of distortions produced by the atmosphere. |
8A10.80 |
Geochron |
The standard Geochron is used to show analemma, the part of the Earth lit by the Sun at any given time, etc. |
8A10.80 |
Subsolar point |
An experiment plotting the subsolar point (the place on Earth where the Sun is directly overhead at solar noon). |
8A10.80 |
Analemma |
Additional comments on TPT 34(1), 58 |
8A10.80 |
Analemma |
A good explanation of how the analemma couples the seasonal declination changes of the Sun with the "Equation of Time". |
8A10.80 |
Analemma |
Analemma used to show why sunrise can be at the same time for several weeks while the length of the day increases. |
8A10.80 |
Analemma |
How to plot and demonstrate the noncircularity of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. |
8A10.80 |
Analemma, clocks, apparent motion of the Sun |
Explains why the length of the morning and afternoon do not increase in the same proportion as the length of the day gets longer. |
8A10.90 |
Apparent motion of the Sun |
Using simple equipment to measure the length of the solar day. |
8A10.90 |
Apparent motion of the Sun |
Using the apparent motion of the Sun to teach vectors and scalar products. |
8A20, Earth-Moon Mechanics
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A20.10 |
globes |
|
8A30.10 |
cratering |
|
8A20.30 |
cratering |
Add abstract in Handbook.FM |
8A20.21 |
planetary density model |
Add abstract in Handbook.FM |
8A20.41 |
make a comet |
Add abstract in Handbook.FM |
8A20.42 |
Ed's comet |
Add abstract in Handbook.FM |
8A20.64 |
[:Earth-Moon-Sun Model] |
A 10" globe, a painted tennis ball, and a 100 W bulb are used to represent the Earth-Moon-Sun system |
8A30, Views From Earth
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A35, Views From Earth 2
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A40, Planetary Properties: Globes, Hemispheres, & Maps
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A50, Planetary Properties 2: The Planets
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A60, Planetary Properties 3: Planetoids, Minor Objects
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A70, Planetary Properties 4: Planetary Characteristics
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
8A80, Planetary Properties 5: Comets and the Search for Life
PIRA # |
Demonstration Name |
Abstract |
*Old*
8A10.25 |
phases of the moon |
View a ball illuminated by a distant light with a TV camera as the angle between the ball and light varies. |
8A10.26 |
phases models |
Illuminated models for showing the phases of Venus and the Moon. |
8A10.30 |
eclipse models |
|
8A10.31 |
Eudoxus: homocentric spheres models |
Two homocentric models of Eudoxus: one shows the motion of the sun, the other shows retrograde motion. |
8A10.32 |
earth/moon system |
Add abstract in Handbook.FM |
8A10.40 |
pinhead earth |
|
8A10.50 |
horizon astronomy model |
|
8A10.51 |
Cinhelium |
|
8A10.52 |
Ptolemaic and Copernian orbits |
An analog computer (circuit given) displays orbits and epicycles on an oscilloscope. |
8A10.55 |
retrograde motion model |
Two balls connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other orbit on common ficus. |
8A10.55 |
retrograde motion model letter |
Pointer to AJP 43,693(1975). |
8A10.55 |
retrograde motion model |
Two balls driven by independent clock motors are connected with a rod fixed through one ball and sliding through the other. |
8A10.60 |
epicycles |
An Orrery caries a small flashlight on a rod between Earth and Jupiter to project epicycloidal motion. |
8A10.60 |
epicycles |
A elliptical Lucite dish has two arms attached to one foci. Place some ball bearings between the two arms and rotate the rear arm at constant angular velocity. |
8A10.60 |
epicycles |
A diagram of how to make a fairly simple crank device to trace out elliptical through cusped figures with a penlight. |
8A10.65 |
comet orbit |
|
8A10.80 |
celestial sphere |
A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. |
8A10.80 |
celestial sphere |
A simple model celestial sphere is made from a round bottom flask. Pictures. |
[:Demonstrations:Demonstrations]
[:Instructional:Home]