Differences between revisions 2 and 3

Photometry

PIRA classification 6B

Grayed Demos are either not available or haven't been built yet.

6B10. Luminosity

PIRA #	Demonstration Name	Subsets	Abstract
6B10.10	checker board		Use a point source to superimpose shadows of a rectangle and a 3h x 3w checkerboard rectangle.
6B10.10	inverse square law		A rectangular paddle and a 3Hx3W paddle are placed so shadows overlap and the distances are measured.
6B10.15	inverse square model	pira200	A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 9 units.
6B10.15	inverse square model		A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 16 units.
6B10.20	inverse square with photocell		Double and triple the distance from an arc source to a photocell connected to a galvanometer.
6B10.20	foot-candle meter		Use a Weston type foot-candle meter to measure the inverse square law.
6B10.20	inverse square law		Double and triple the distance between a source and photometer. Graph.
6B10.30	paraffin block photometer		Two large paraffin blocks with tin foil sandwiched in between make a sensitive photometer. Use with lamps on either side.
6B10.30	paraffin blick photometer		Two paraffin blocks separated by an aluminum sheet are moved between two light sources until they appear equally bright.
6B10.30	Joly diffusion photometer		Tin foil is sandwiched between two blocks of paraffin. Can be mounted in a box for greater accuracy.
6B10.35	grease spot photometer		A piece of paper with a grease spot is moved between two light sources until the spot disappears.
6B10.35	Bunsen grease-spot photometer		A grease spot disappears when illuminated equally from both sides. Diagram of a grease-spot box.
6B10.40	Rumford photometer		Light sources are moved until their shadows of the same object are of equal intensity.
6B10.40	Rumford shadow photometer		Two light sources are moved so the shadow cast by a vertical rod is of the same intensity.
6B10.50	frosted globe - surface brightness		The surface brightness of a 40 W bulb is compared to a frosted globe placed over it.
6B10.50	surface brightness		A lamp with measured candlepower is enclosed in a frosted globe.
6B10.60	surface brightness of a lens		Place the eye at the image point of a lens focused on a dim lamp.
6B10.65	reflected surface brightness		With a bright spot at the object point of a concave mirror and the eye at the image point, the whole mirror seems to have the same surface brightness as the spot.
6B10.70	laser and light bulb		A .5 mW laser beam can be seen on the glass beside the bright center of a 25 W frosted incandescent bulb.
6B10.80	covered strobe and detector		The amplitude of a signal displayed on an oscilloscope from a translucent covered photodetector and from a translucent covered strobe changes as the angles and distances are changed.

6B30. Radiation Pressure

PIRA #	Demonstration Name	Subsets	Abstract
6B30.10	radiometer - quartz fiber
6B30.10	radiation pressure		Construction details for a quartz fiber radiometer. Deflection of one radian is easily achieved with a microscope lamp.
6B30.10	radiometer		The deflection of a quartz fiber radiometer is measured statically under high vacuum.
6B30.11	radiometer		Focus a beam of light intermittently on a vane of the quartz fiber radiometer at the frequency of oscillation.
6B30.20	light pressure comment		Brings attention to a paper that devotes six pages to describing errors in the "classical work by Nichols and Hull".

6B40. Black Bodies

PIRA #	Demonstration Name	Subsets	Abstract
6B40.10	variac and light bulb		Vary the voltage to a 1 KW light bulb with a variac to show color change with temperature.
6B40.10	variac and light bulb		Vary the voltage across a clear glass lamp from zero to 50% overvoltage. Also measure the intensity and plot against power.
6B40.20	hole in a box		Holes in black boxes are blacker than the boxes. One box is painted white inside.
6B40.20	hole in a black box		A box painted black has a hole in the side.
6B40.20	Bichsel boxes		Two black boxes have blacker appearing holes in them. One box actually is painted white inside.
6B40.25	carbon block		A carbon block with a hole bored in it is heated red hot with a torch. The hole glows brighter.
6B40.25	hole in a hot ball		A iron ball with a hole is heated red hot.
6B40.26	carbon rod		Bore a hole in an old carbon arc rod and heat electrically. The hole glows brighter.
6B40.30	radiation from a black body		Heat red hot a carbon block the has both a drilled hole and a white porcelain plug.
6B40.30	carbon block and porcelain		Two holes are drilled in a carbon block, one is filled with a porcelain insulator, and the block is heated with a torch.
6B40.30	graphite and porcelain		Graphite and porcelain heated red hot look the same. A pattern on a porcelain dish shows brighter when heated.
6B40.35	good absorbers - good radiators		An electric element (E-171) with chalk marks or china with a pattern are heated until they glow.
6B40.40	X-Y spectrum recorder		The black body radiation curve is traced on a X-Y recorder from a thermopile. detector riding on the pen arm.
6B40.41	IR spectrum on galvanometer
6B40.41	plotting the spectrum		Measure the output of a thermopile. as it is moved across a spectrum. Monochrometer in appendix, p. 1362, Plots.
6B40.41	radiation intensity curve		Explore the energy distribution of the continuous spectrum of a carbon arc with a sensitive thermopile. and galvanometer.
6B40.41	infrared in spectrum		Hold a thermopile. connected to a galvanometer in different parts of a spectrum.
6B40.42	mapping the spectrum		Use a thermopile. and galvanometer to show the infrared energy in the continuous spectrum. Insert a water cell.
6B40.45	IR camera and projected spectrum
6B40.50	IR camera and soldering iron
6B40.55	project sprectrum and change temperature
6B40.55	radiation vs. temperature		A more detailed look at varying the temperature of a black body and measuring with a thermopile.
6B40.55	radiation spectrum of a hot object		Project the spectrum from a projector lamp and change the voltage.
6B40.62	Stefan-Boltzman equation		Measuring sigma by the relative method using a Hefner lamp as a standard radiator.
6B40.70	microwave blackbody		Microwave radiation emitted or absorbed by a cavity is detected and displayed on an oscilloscope.

Demonstrations

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+== Photometry ==
''PIRA classification 6B''
||<#dddddd>Grayed Demos are either not available or haven't been built yet. ||
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-== Photometry ==
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-''PIRA classification 6B''
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-||<#dddddd> Grayed Demos are either not available or haven't been built yet.||
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-||<:10%>'''PIRA #'''||<:>'''Demonstration Name'''||<:60%>'''Abstract'''||
|| 6B10.10 ||	checker board ||	Use a point source to superimpose shadows of a rectangle and a 3h x 3w checkerboard rectangle. ||
|| 6B10.10 ||	inverse square law ||	A rectangular paddle and a 3Hx3W paddle are placed so shadows overlap and the distances are measured. ||
|| 6B10.15 ||	inverse square model ||	A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 16 units.	||
|| 6B10.15 ||	inverse square model ||	A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 16 units. ||
|| 6B10.20 ||	inverse square with photocell ||	Double and triple the distance from an arc source to a photocell connected to a galvanometer. ||
|| 6B10.20 ||	foot-candle meter ||	Use a Weston type foot-candle meter to measure the inverse square law. ||
|| 6B10.20 ||	inverse square law ||	Double and triple the distance between a source and photometer. Graph. ||
|| 6B10.30 ||	paraffin block photometer ||	Two large paraffin blocks with tin foil sandwiched in between make a sensitive photometer. Use with lamps on either side. ||
|| 6B10.30 ||	paraffin blick photometer ||	Two paraffin blocks separated by an aluminum sheet are moved between two light sources until they appear equally bright. ||
|| 6B10.30 ||	Joly diffusion photometer ||	Tin foil is sandwiched between two blocks of paraffin. Can be mounted in a box for greater accuracy. ||
|| 6B10.35 ||	grease spot photometer	||	A piece of paper with a grease spot is moved between two light sources until the spot disappears. ||
|| 6B10.35 ||	Bunsen grease-spot photometer ||	A grease spot disappears when illuminated equally from both sides. Diagram of a grease-spot box. ||
|| 6B10.40 ||	Rumford photometer ||	Light sources are moved until their shadows of the same object are of equal intensity. ||
|| 6B10.40 ||	Rumford shadow photometer ||	Two light sources are moved so the shadow cast by a vertical rod is of the same intensity. ||
|| 6B10.50 ||	frosted globe - surface brightness ||	The surface brightness of a 40 W bulb is compared to a frosted globe placed over it. ||
|| 6B10.50 ||	surface brightness	||	A lamp with measured candlepower is enclosed in a frosted globe. ||
|| 6B10.60 ||	surface brightness of a lens	||	Place the eye at the image point of a lens focused on a dim lamp. ||
|| 6B10.65 ||	reflected surface brightness	||	With a bright spot at the object point of a concave mirror and the eye at the image point, the whole mirror seems to have the same surface brightness as the spot. ||
|| 6B10.70 ||	laser and light bulb	||	A .5 mW laser beam can be seen on the glass beside the bright center of a 25 W frosted incandescent bulb. ||
|| 6B10.80 ||	covered strobe and detector ||	The amplitude of a signal displayed on an oscilloscope from a translucent covered photodetector and from a translucent covered strobe changes as the angles and distances are changed. ||
+||<10%  style="text-align:center">'''PIRA #''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Demonstration Name''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Subsets'''||<60%  style="text-align:center">'''Abstract''' ||
||6B10.10 ||checker board || ||Use a point source to superimpose shadows of a rectangle and a 3h x 3w checkerboard rectangle. ||
||6B10.10 ||inverse square law || ||A rectangular paddle and a 3Hx3W paddle are placed so shadows overlap and the distances are measured. ||
||6B10.15 ||inverse square model ||pira200||A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 9 units. ||
||6B10.15 ||inverse square model || ||A wire frame pyramid connects areas of 1, 4, and 16 units. ||
||6B10.20 ||inverse square with photocell || ||Double and triple the distance from an arc source to a photocell connected to a galvanometer. ||
||6B10.20 ||foot-candle meter || ||Use a Weston type foot-candle meter to measure the inverse square law. ||
||6B10.20 ||inverse square law || ||Double and triple the distance between a source and photometer. Graph. ||
||6B10.30 ||paraffin block photometer || ||Two large paraffin blocks with tin foil sandwiched in between make a sensitive photometer. Use with lamps on either side. ||
||6B10.30 ||paraffin blick photometer || ||Two paraffin blocks separated by an aluminum sheet are moved between two light sources until they appear equally bright. ||
||6B10.30 ||Joly diffusion photometer || ||Tin foil is sandwiched between two blocks of paraffin. Can be mounted in a box for greater accuracy. ||
||6B10.35 ||grease spot photometer || ||A piece of paper with a grease spot is moved between two light sources until the spot disappears. ||
||6B10.35 ||Bunsen grease-spot photometer || ||A grease spot disappears when illuminated equally from both sides. Diagram of a grease-spot box. ||
||6B10.40 ||Rumford photometer || ||Light sources are moved until their shadows of the same object are of equal intensity. ||
||6B10.40 ||Rumford shadow photometer || ||Two light sources are moved so the shadow cast by a vertical rod is of the same intensity. ||
||6B10.50 ||frosted globe - surface brightness || ||The surface brightness of a 40 W bulb is compared to a frosted globe placed over it. ||
||6B10.50 ||surface brightness || ||A lamp with measured candlepower is enclosed in a frosted globe. ||
||6B10.60 ||surface brightness of a lens || ||Place the eye at the image point of a lens focused on a dim lamp. ||
||6B10.65 ||reflected surface brightness || ||With a bright spot at the object point of a concave mirror and the eye at the image point, the whole mirror seems to have the same surface brightness as the spot. ||
||6B10.70 ||laser and light bulb || ||A .5 mW laser beam can be seen on the glass beside the bright center of a 25 W frosted incandescent bulb. ||
||6B10.80 ||covered strobe and detector || ||The amplitude of a signal displayed on an oscilloscope from a translucent covered photodetector and from a translucent covered strobe changes as the angles and distances are changed. ||
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-||<:10%>'''PIRA #'''||<:>'''Demonstration Name'''||<:60%>'''Abstract'''||
|| 6B30.10 ||	radiometer - quartz fiber ||		||
|| 6B30.10 ||	radiation pressure ||	Construction details for a quartz fiber radiometer. Deflection of one radian is easily achieved with a microscope lamp. ||
|| 6B30.10 ||	radiometer	||	The deflection of a quartz fiber radiometer is measured statically under high vacuum. ||
|| 6B30.11 ||	radiometer	||	Focus a beam of light intermittently on a vane of the quartz fiber radiometer at the frequency of oscillation. ||
|| 6B30.20 ||	light pressure comment ||	Brings attention to a paper that devotes six pages to describing errors in the "classical work by Nichols and Hull". ||
+||<10%  style="text-align:center">'''PIRA #''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Demonstration Name''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Subsets'''||<60%  style="text-align:center">'''Abstract''' ||
||6B30.10 ||radiometer - quartz fiber || || ||
||6B30.10 ||radiation pressure || ||Construction details for a quartz fiber radiometer. Deflection of one radian is easily achieved with a microscope lamp. ||
||6B30.10 ||radiometer || ||The deflection of a quartz fiber radiometer is measured statically under high vacuum. ||
||6B30.11 ||radiometer || ||Focus a beam of light intermittently on a vane of the quartz fiber radiometer at the frequency of oscillation. ||
||6B30.20 ||light pressure comment || ||Brings attention to a paper that devotes six pages to describing errors in the "classical work by Nichols and Hull". ||
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+Line 43:
-||<:10%>'''PIRA #'''||<:>'''Demonstration Name'''||<:60%>'''Abstract'''||
|| 6B40.10 ||	variac and light bulb ||	Vary the voltage to a 1 KW light bulb with a variac to show color change with temperature. ||
|| 6B40.10 ||	variac and light bulb ||	Vary the voltage across a clear glass lamp from zero to 50% overvoltage. Also measure the intensity and plot against power. ||
|| 6B40.20 ||	hole in a box ||	Holes in black boxes are blacker than the boxes. One box is painted white inside. ||
|| 6B40.20 ||	hole in a black box ||	A box painted black has a hole in the side. ||
|| 6B40.20 ||	Bichsel boxes ||	Two black boxes have blacker appearing holes in them. One box actually is painted white inside. ||
|| 6B40.25 ||	carbon block ||	A carbon block with a hole bored in it is heated red hot with a torch. The hole glows brighter. ||
|| 6B40.25 ||	hole in a hot ball	||	A iron ball with a hole is heated red hot. ||
|| 6B40.26 ||	carbon rod	||	Bore a hole in an old carbon arc rod and heat electrically. The hole glows brighter. ||
|| 6B40.30 ||	radiation from a black body ||	Heat red hot a carbon block the has both a drilled hole and a white porcelain plug. ||
|| 6B40.30 ||	carbon block and porcelain ||	Two holes are drilled in a carbon block, one is filled with a porcelain insulator, and the block is heated with a torch. ||
|| 6B40.30 ||	graphite and porcelain	||	Graphite and porcelain heated red hot look the same. A pattern on a porcelain dish shows brighter when heated. ||
|| 6B40.35 ||	good absorbers - good radiators ||	An electric element (E-171) with chalk marks or china with a pattern are heated until they glow. ||
|| 6B40.40 ||	X-Y spectrum recorder ||	The black body radiation curve is traced on a X-Y recorder from a thermopile. detector riding on the pen arm. ||
|| 6B40.41 ||	IR spectrum on galvanometer ||		||
|| 6B40.41 ||	plotting the spectrum	||	Measure the output of a thermopile. as it is moved across a spectrum. Monochrometer in appendix, p. 1362, Plots. ||
|| 6B40.41 ||	radiation intensity curve ||	Explore the energy distribution of the continuous spectrum of a carbon arc with a sensitive thermopile. and galvanometer. ||
|| 6B40.41 ||	infrared in spectrum ||	Hold a thermopile. connected to a galvanometer in different parts of a spectrum. ||
|| 6B40.42 ||	mapping the spectrum	||	Use a thermopile. and galvanometer to show the infrared energy in the continuous spectrum. Insert a water cell. ||
|| 6B40.45 ||	IR camera and projected spectrum ||		||
|| 6B40.50 ||	IR camera and soldering iron ||		||
|| 6B40.55 ||	project sprectrum and change temperature ||		||
|| 6B40.55 ||	radiation vs. temperature ||	A more detailed look at varying the temperature of a black body and measuring with a thermopile. ||
|| 6B40.55 ||	radiation spectrum of a hot object ||	Project the spectrum from a projector lamp and change the voltage. ||
|| 6B40.62 ||	Stefan-Boltzman equation ||	Measuring sigma by the relative method using a Hefner lamp as a standard radiator. ||
|| 6B40.70 ||	microwave blackbody ||	Microwave radiation emitted or absorbed by a cavity is detected and displayed on an oscilloscope. ||
+||<10%  style="text-align:center">'''PIRA #''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Demonstration Name''' ||<style="text-align:center">'''Subsets'''||<60%  style="text-align:center">'''Abstract''' ||
||6B40.10 ||variac and light bulb || ||Vary the voltage to a 1 KW light bulb with a variac to show color change with temperature. ||
||6B40.10 ||variac and light bulb || ||Vary the voltage across a clear glass lamp from zero to 50% overvoltage. Also measure the intensity and plot against power. ||
||6B40.20 ||hole in a box || ||Holes in black boxes are blacker than the boxes. One box is painted white inside. ||
||6B40.20 ||hole in a black box || ||A box painted black has a hole in the side. ||
||6B40.20 ||Bichsel boxes || ||Two black boxes have blacker appearing holes in them. One box actually is painted white inside. ||
||6B40.25 ||carbon block || ||A carbon block with a hole bored in it is heated red hot with a torch. The hole glows brighter. ||
||6B40.25 ||hole in a hot ball || ||A iron ball with a hole is heated red hot. ||
||6B40.26 ||carbon rod || ||Bore a hole in an old carbon arc rod and heat electrically. The hole glows brighter. ||
||6B40.30 ||radiation from a black body || ||Heat red hot a carbon block the has both a drilled hole and a white porcelain plug. ||
||6B40.30 ||carbon block and porcelain || ||Two holes are drilled in a carbon block, one is filled with a porcelain insulator, and the block is heated with a torch. ||
||6B40.30 ||graphite and porcelain || ||Graphite and porcelain heated red hot look the same. A pattern on a porcelain dish shows brighter when heated. ||
||6B40.35 ||good absorbers - good radiators || ||An electric element (E-171) with chalk marks or china with a pattern are heated until they glow. ||
||6B40.40 ||X-Y spectrum recorder || ||The black body radiation curve is traced on a X-Y recorder from a thermopile. detector riding on the pen arm. ||
||6B40.41 ||IR spectrum on galvanometer || || ||
||6B40.41 ||plotting the spectrum || ||Measure the output of a thermopile. as it is moved across a spectrum. Monochrometer in appendix, p. 1362, Plots. ||
||6B40.41 ||radiation intensity curve || ||Explore the energy distribution of the continuous spectrum of a carbon arc with a sensitive thermopile. and galvanometer. ||
||6B40.41 ||infrared in spectrum || ||Hold a thermopile. connected to a galvanometer in different parts of a spectrum. ||
||6B40.42 ||mapping the spectrum || ||Use a thermopile. and galvanometer to show the infrared energy in the continuous spectrum. Insert a water cell. ||
||6B40.45 ||IR camera and projected spectrum || || ||
||6B40.50 ||IR camera and soldering iron || || ||
||6B40.55 ||project sprectrum and change temperature || || ||
||6B40.55 ||radiation vs. temperature || ||A more detailed look at varying the temperature of a black body and measuring with a thermopile. ||
||6B40.55 ||radiation spectrum of a hot object || ||Project the spectrum from a projector lamp and change the voltage. ||
||6B40.62 ||Stefan-Boltzman equation || ||Measuring sigma by the relative method using a Hefner lamp as a standard radiator. ||
||6B40.70 ||microwave blackbody || ||Microwave radiation emitted or absorbed by a cavity is detected and displayed on an oscilloscope. ||

fw: Diff for "Photometry"

Photometry

6B10. Luminosity

6B30. Radiation Pressure

6B40. Black Bodies